Grounded in agronomy.
Driven by understanding.
A pitch is a living system. We bring agronomy, data and technology together to understand how it changes—and help the people caring for it make informed decisions.

The whole system.
Right down to the roots.
What happens at the surface starts with the relationships beneath it. Plant health, the rootzone, weather and use all belong in the same conversation.
Our work brings agronomic expertise into software. The papers below were developed with our agronomy PhD, exploring the mechanisms behind the questions grounds teams face.
Read the research- The plant
- Growth, nutrition and disease. Understanding turf means looking at how the grass responds to its environment and the work carried out on it.
- The rootzone
- Water, air and organic matter. Soil conditions give context to moisture readings, drainage and the behaviour of the playing surface.
- The growing environment
- Light, temperature and rainfall. Local conditions and stadium shade help explain why different areas of a pitch can behave differently.
Intelligence starts
with understanding.
A reading is a starting point. Understanding the pitch means connecting it with the work, the conditions and the processes behind it.
Does this pitch
need water?
One practical question. More than one source of information.

Follow one decision.
- Compare the readings. Measured
- Look at moisture before and after the work, at the measured locations.
- Record the irrigation. Recorded
- Keep the activity with its pitch and time.
- Consider the demand. Modelled
- Read estimated water loss with the weather and your observations.
After irrigation,
what changes?
Measurements show the sampled conditions. The model adds an estimate of a process. Your team brings both into the next decision.
Read the three together before deciding on the next application.
AI connects the data. It helps find relationships across measurements, conditions and recorded work.
Agronomy gives it meaning. Models describe the processes behind growth, water demand and disease risk.
Know what is measured.
Understand what is modelled.
A reading records a value at a place and time. A model estimates a process from the information available. Both become more useful when you can examine their context.
That distinction shapes how we talk about the science: explain the method, consider the conditions and connect the findings to practical questions. The papers below are a place to go deeper.
Explore the questions
beneath the surface.
Our papers bring agronomy expertise to practical questions about turf, measurements and playing conditions. Use these papers as background on the underlying science. Model estimates should be considered alongside field measurements and observations.
11 papers
Open PDFSoil Moisture Sensors: Why Measurements Differ
A closer look at sensor technology, depth and positioning.
Open PDFManaging Organic Matter in Turfgrass
Thatch accumulation and approaches to its management.
Open PDFThe Advantages of a Local Weather Station for a Football Club
Local weather information in the context of a club’s grounds.
Open PDFGray Leaf Spot: Preparing Your Sports Pitch for a Fast & Aggressive Opponent
Disease identification, conditions and management considerations.
Open PDFUV-C Light for Turfgrass Disease Management
Effectiveness, applications and the evidence discussed in the paper.
Open PDFBlack Layer in Turfgrass Management
Soil processes and the conditions behind black layer.
Open PDFSoil Surfactants: Retainers and Penetrants in Turfgrass Management
Wetting-agent terminology and water movement in the rootzone.
Open PDFData Driven Turf Management: The Benefits for Leagues
A league-wide perspective on pitch information.
Open PDFThe Influence of the Surface on Player Biomechanics and Injury
A discussion of the interaction between players and surfaces.
Open PDFThe Impact of Football Boots on Performance and Risk of Injury
Footwear, traction and playing-surface interaction.
Open PDFSurface and Climatic Effects on Game and Tactics
Weather, surface conditions and the way the game is played.
Bring your questions.
Start with your pitch.
See how measurements, growth information and the team’s observations come together in turfcoach.